How to maximize the efficiency of photovoltaic panels in cold seasons

If you have solar panels on the roof or in the courtyard on the back, you know how important it is to optimize their performance and efficiency. The solar panels convert sunlight into electricity, but are also affected by the change of weather conditions, such as temperature, clouds, snow, ice, wind and dust. How can you ensure that your solar panels work in the maximum in the cold seasons? Here are some suggestions and tricks that will help you!

1

One of the simplest ways in which it is possible to improve the performance of the photovoltaic system is adjusting the angle of inclination of the solar panels for electricity. This is due to the fact that, in winter, The sun is under the skywhich means that one is required attached To capture as many sunlight as possible. In addition, the position of the sun varies according to the latitude of the position, so that the optimal angle of inclination is different from a position.

How to adjust the angle of inclination?

First of all, it is important to know which is the current angle of inclination of the solar panels. So to determine the optimal inclination angle, you can add 15 degrees to the geographical latitude of your position. For example, if the location is 44 degrees of latitude, as is in Bucharest, the optimal angle of inclination for the winter would be 59 degrees. [1]

The adjustment of the angle of inclination of the solar panels not only helps to maximize the production of energy, but also Maintain system efficiency in adverse weather conditions. In winter, solar panels can be covered with snow or ice, which can reduce their efficiency. By adjusting the angle of inclination, the snow and ice can slide more easily from the panels, keeping them clean and efficient.

2. Try to reduce energy consumption

Photovoltaic systems continue to convert sunlight during the winter. However, since the days become shorter and solar radiation are lower, solar systems produce less energy. Since your system produces less energy than summer, it is advisable to reduce energy consumption in winter to avoid paying high invoices.

There are several methods with which it is possible to reduce energy consumption:

• Buy more efficient devices from an energy point of view. They consume less energy and can reduce costs with electricity;
• It reduces the use of unnecessary electrical appliances and guarantees adequate insulation of the house to reduce heat loss;
• Choose to install LED bulbs;
• Remove the devices that do not use from the socket;
• Avoid assembly furniture in front of the radiators so as not to block the heat release;
• Use alternative energy resources, such as natural gas or wind energy.

Or surprising information on solar systems

Solar panels can work even better in low temperature conditions than high temperatures, thus contradicting the general intuition. This phenomenon is due to the fact that solar panels transform sunlight into electricity and not heat. Manufacturers usually specify the maximum efficiency of the panels at a temperature of 25 classify Celsius. Panel performance decreases with the increase in temperature beyond this point. This is due to the fact that the electrical resistance of the conductors decreases at lower temperatures, thus allowing a better flow of electrons and, consequently, a more efficient system.

3. Modernizes your photovoltaic system

Solar technology constantly evolves. In recent years, new types of solar panels have appeared, more efficient inverters, advanced controllers and other devices that can improve the performance of solar systems. If you replace old solar panels, inverters, controllers and other devices with more modern and efficient variants, energy production, efficiency and life of the system can improve. Look at other photovoltaic kits here!

4. Solar batteries correctly

In winter, battery performance can be negatively influenced, as they are not designed to work at extremely low temperatures. In ideal conditions, they should work within a temperature range between 20 and 25 degrees Celsius.

When the temperature drops below this level, the conservation capacity of a battery decreases. In addition, the duration of the batteries can also be reduced, since low temperatures can cause damage to the internal components.

There are several ways in which you can use for Thermo (sunscreen. One of the most common methods is Keep insideBecause you can check the temperature. Another option would be to use thermal insulation boxes, If you keep the batteries outdoors. Each method has its advantages and disadvantages. For example, internal storage can be more expensive and can consume enough space, while the use of thermal insulation can require more frequent monitoring to ensure that isolation is efficient.

5. Supervise the drain of batteries

The complete unloading of batteries can lead to their long -term deterioration and stop the photovoltaic system. Although some batteries can tolerate download levels of 70-80%, it is recommended to be the level of exhaust 50%. This will help prolong the life of the batteries and maintain their long -term efficiency.

6. Plean the panels regularly

Solar panels can lose up to 20% from efficiency if not correctly clean. This fact is mainly due to deposits of dust, dirt and pollen, snow and ice, as well as bird excrements, which can block sunlight and therefore reduce the efficiency of the panels. [2]

To clean the panels, it is advisable to use A soft lava, water and a delicate cleaning solution. Avoid the use of abrasive or hard chemicals that can damage the surface of the panels and reduce the duration of life.

7. Monitor the yield of the Solar System

Constant monitoring of the surrender of the Solar System is not only an option, but a necessity, if you want to make sure that the solar panels work at maximum capacity in the cold seasons. To this end, an energy monitoring system can be used.

By regular monitoring of the Solar System, it is possible to identify any anomalies or problems and remedy quickly in time. These can include defective cables, broken cells or too low voltage.

It is also useful to compare the real production of your solar panels with the estimated one. Therefore, you can check if your system works based on expectations. If you notice significant discrepancies or decreases in production, it is advisable to resort to a professional to inspect and repair the system.

8. Experiment with different configurations

Solar panels can be configured in different ways – in series, parallel or mixed.

In a configuration in seriesThe least from one panel is connected to the other, creating a string. In this case the tension (V) is collected by each panel and the current (a) remains unchanged. On the other hand, in the configuration parallelAll minus and all the advantages are connected together, the tension remains unchanged and the current increases, that is, the ampes are collected. configuration Mixed It implies a standard combination and parallel connections.

When you experience different configurations, it is important to mention that there are many individual factors you need to consider. The available space, budget and individual preferences can have a remarkable impact on the final decision. For example, in an area with a limited space, a series configuration could be more appropriate, while in an area with a lot of space available, a parallel configuration could be more efficient.

Find out more on: How to calculate the performance of investments in solar panels for your home?

The photovoltaic system is an excellent choice, regardless of the season

Common perception is that solar energy is effective only in the summer months. However, even in winter, when the days are shorter and the sun does not shine like sun energy remains a practicable and profitable option.

The Zonetec team is at your disposal to simplify the purchase process, as well as after the installation of solar systems. Discover our portfolio of solar solutions from producers recognized and certified internationally!

source

[1] Dricus de Rooij. «Corner of the solar panel: how to calculate the angle of inclination of the solar panel?» Sinovoltaics.com, Sinovoltaics (Office of Hong Kong), 21 July 2015, Sinovoltaics.com/learning-center/system-design/solar-panel-gangh-tilt-calculation/#:~: Text = The%20timum%%20Tilt%20ngle%20is, 34%20%2b%20%20%2049%C2. Access to 30 October 2023.
[2] Residential, in. «Understanding the role of cleaning the solar panel in residential solar systems». Energy5, 2023, Energy5.com/undersanding-the-role-of-solare-pult-in-residential-Systems. Access to 30 October 2023.